Hierarchical Taxonomy and the General Psychopathology Factor

Abstract

The classification systems of mental disorders have received several criticisms, mainly related to their categorical character, the arbitrary boundaries between psychopathology and normality, and the high comorbidity. In this context, the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology has recently been proposed. The HiTOP is a new model that, based on empirical evidence accumulated for over 20 years, aims to overcome limitations of traditional nosologies and reconstruct the psychopathological taxonomy. The model includes a general factor of psychopathology, a common dimension to all psychological disorders. The proposed change is a dimensional and hierarchical approach to psychopathology, classifying it into multiple levels: from more basic structures it seeks general higher general psychopathological dimensions. This paper presents an approach to the model and its main components. In addition, the relationship with the five major factors model is analyzed. Finally, the possible implications, scope and limitations of the model are evaluated.